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怎么安装mysql数据库，这里不说了，只说它的主从复制，步骤如下：
tail -f /var/log/mysqld.log
1、主从服务器分别作以下操作：
1.1、版本一致
1.2、初始化表，并在后台启动mysql
1.3、修改root的密码
2、修改主服务器master:
#vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin //[必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=222 //[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
3、修改从服务器slave:
#vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin //[不是必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=226 //[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
4、重启两台服务器的mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
5、在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave:
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmttang
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'q123456'; //一般不用root帐号，“%”表示所有客户端都可能连，只要帐号，密码正确，此处可用具体客户端IP代替，如192.168.145.226，加强安全。
6、登录主服务器的mysql，查询master的状态
mysql>show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 | 308 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注：执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL，防止主服务器状态值变化
7、配置从服务器Slave：
mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.145.222',master_user='mysync',master_password='q123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=308; //注意不要断开，308数字前后无单引号。
Mysql>start slave; //启动从服务器复制功能
8、检查从服务器复制功能状态：
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.222 //主服务器地址
Master_User: mysync //授权帐户名，尽量避免使用root
Master_Port: 3306 //数据库端口，部分版本没有此行
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 600 //#同步读取二进制日志的位置，大于等于Exec_Master_Log_Pos
Relay_Log_File: ddte-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES
......
注：Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态(如：其中一个NO均属错误)。
以上操作过程，主从服务器配置完成。
9、主从服务器测试：
主服务器Mysql，建立数据库，并在这个库中建表插入一条数据：
mysql> create database hi_db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hi_db;
Database changed
mysql> create table hi_tb(id int(3),name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into hi_tb values(001,'bobu');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hi_db |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器Mysql查询：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hi_db | //I'M here，大家看到了吧
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hi_db
Database changed
mysql> select * from hi_tb; //查看主服务器上新增的具体数据
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | bobu |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
10、完成：
编写一shell脚本，用nagios监控slave的两个yes（Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程），如发现只有一个或零个yes，就表明主从有问题了，发短信警报吧。
从/etc/my.cnf:
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-slave-updates
server-id=2
master-host=10.0.30.122
master-user=root
master-password=1
master-port=3306
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
#bind-address=0.0.0.0
query_cache_size = 64M
#max_connections = 1024
max_connections = 10000
#wait_timeout = 10
max_connect_errors = 100
table_open_cache = 5120
thread_cache_size = 120
key_buffer_size = 384M
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=5M
innodb_file_per_table=1
character_set_server = utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
#skip-grant-tables
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
主/etc/my.cnf:
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/mysql
#socket=/home/mysql/mysql.sock
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-do-db=db5
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=acdb
binlog-ignore-db=audb
binlog-ignore-db=db1
binlog-ignore-db=db3
binlog-ignore-db=fpdb
binlog-ignore-db=infosec_ca
binlog-ignore-db=infosec_ra
binlog-ignore-db=jrgazx30
binlog-ignore-db=mbdb
binlog-ignore-db=mldb
binlog-ignore-db=mogilefs
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=pldb
binlog-ignore-db=ptdb
binlog-ignore-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=trdb
binlog-ignore-db=vcdb
binlog-ignore-db=wndb
log-slave-updates
server-id=1
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 2
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
#bind-address=0.0.0.0
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
#max_connections = 1024
max_connections = 1024
#wait_timeout = 10
max_connect_errors = 100
table_open_cache = 5120
thread_cache_size = 120
key_buffer_size = 384M
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
innodb_file_per_table=1
character_set_server = utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
#log=/var/lib/mysql/sql_row.log
#innodb_buffer_pool_size=1500M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1500M
#innodb_log_buffer_size=256K
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M
#skip-grant-tables
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
#log-error=/var/log/chenyi.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
#socket=/home/mysql/mysql.sock
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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